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{{Short description|Province in Northeast China}}{{About|the province|the city|Jilin City}}{{Redirect|Chilin|the mythical animal|Qilin}}{{other uses}}{{use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}{{more citations needed|date=July 2014}}

factoids

zh|Jílín ShÄ›ng}})Abbreviation}}p=Jí}})| image_skyline = Changbaishan Tianchi from western rim.jpg| image_alt = | image_caption = View of Heaven Lake| image_map = Jilin in China (+all claims hatched).svg| mapsize = 275px| map_alt = Map showing the location of Jilin Province| map_caption = Map showing the location of Jilin Province43.7126.2type:adm1st_region:CN-22display=it}}| subdivision_type = Country| subdivision_name = Chinagirin ula, a Manchu language>Manchu phrase meaning “along the river”(and largest city)}}{{noboldChangchun}}>Jilin (1949–1954)Changchun (1954–present)}}| seat1_type = | seat1 = | parts_type = Divisions| parts_style = paraPrefectures of China>prefecturesCounties of China>countiesTownships of China>townshipsProvinces of China>Province| governing_body = Jilin Provincial People’s CongressChinese Communist Party Committee Secretary>CCP Secretary| leader_name = Jing JunhaiJilin Provincial People’s Congress>Congress chairman| leader_name1 = Jing JunhaiGovernor (China)>Governor| leader_name2 = Hu YutingChinese People’s Political Consultative Conference>CPPCC chairman| leader_name3 = Zhu GuoxianPUBLISHER = MINISTRY OF COMMERCE OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA URL-STATUS=DEAD ARCHIVE-DATE = 5 AUGUST 2013, | area_total_km2 = 191126List of Chinese administrative divisions by area>14th| elevation_max_m = 2744| elevation_max_point = Mount Paektu| elevation_max_rank = | elevation_min_m = | elevation_min_point = | elevation_min_rank = URL = HTTP://WWW.STATS.GOV.CN/ENGLISH/PRESSRELEASE/202105/T20210510_1817188.HTML PUBLISHER = NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA, | population_total = 24,073,453| population_as_of = 2020List of Chinese administrative divisions by population>24th| population_density_km2 = autoList of Chinese administrative divisions by population density>23rd| demographics_type1 = Demographics| demographics1_footnotes = | demographics1_title1 = Ethnic composition

• Han: 91%
• Korean: 4%
• Manchu: 4%
• Mongol: 0.6%
• Hui: 0.5%}}| demographics1_title2 = Languages and dialects

Northeastern Mandarin, Hamgyŏng dialect>Hamgyŏng KoreanPUBLISHER = CHINA NBS ACCESS-DATE = MARCH 23, 2021, |demographics2_title1 = Total|demographics2_info1 = CN¥ 1.231 trillionUS$ 178 billion | demographics2_title2 = Per capita| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 51,135US$ 7,410| iso_code = CN-JLHuman Development Index>HDI {{nobold|(2019)}}WEBSITE = GLOBALDATALAB.ORG List of Chinese administrative divisions by Human Development Index>17th)www.jl.gov.cn}}| footnotes = | official_name = Province of Jilin}}

factoids

| cnhangul = 길림| cnrr = Gillim| cnmr = Killim| mnc = ᡤᡳᡵᡳᠨᠮᡤᠣᠯᠣ| mnc_rom = Girin golo}}Jilin{{efn|{{IPAc-en|dÊ’|iː|ˈ|l|ɪ|n}};DICTIONARY,www.lexico.com/definition/Jilin,web.archive.org/web/20210518062256/https://www.lexico.com/definition/Jilin, dead, 18 May 2021, Jilin, Lexico UK English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, {{zh |s = {{Audio|Zh-Jilin.ogg|吉林 |help = no }} |labels = no }}; alternately romanized as Kirin or Chilin}} is one of the three provinces of Northeast China. Its capital and largest city is Changchun. Jilin borders North Korea (Rasŏn, North Hamgyong, Ryanggang and Chagang) and Russia (Primorsky Krai) to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west. Along with the rest of Northeast China, Jilin underwent an early period of industrialization. However, Jilin’s economy, characterized by heavy industry, has been facing economic difficulties with privatization. This prompted the central government to undertake a campaign called “Revitalize the Northeast”. The region contains large deposits of oil shale.

Name

{{anchor|etymology}}The name “Jilin” originates from girin ula,{{efn|((File:girin ula.jpg|60px)) {{MongolUnicode|ᡤᡳᡵᡳᠨ}} {{MongolUnicode|ᡠᠯᠠ}}}} a Manchu phrase meaning “along the river”, shortened to Kirin in English. This Manchu term was transcribed into jilin wula (t , s ) in Chinese characters and shortened the first two characters, which are transcribed in English as Chi-lin (Wade-Giles) and later “Jilin” (Hanyu Pinyin).{{in lang|zh}} “Origin of the Names of China’s Provinces” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427100058www.people.com.cn/GB/shenghuo/1090/2435218.html |date=27 April 2016 }}, People’s Daily Online.

History

In ancient times, Jilin was inhabited by the Xianbei, Sushen, the Mohe, Jurchens, and the Wùjí ().WEB,www.jlplib.com.cn/szzy/jlsbnjs/200911/P020091124579925151035.pdf, zh:前言, Jilin Province Librrary, 2009-11-24, zh-cn, {{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} The kingdoms of Buyeo and Goguryeo ruled parts of this area.The region then fell successively under the domination of the Xiongnu, Xianbei state, Goguryeo, Balhae, Khitan Liao Dynasty, the Jurchen Jin Dynasty, and the Mongol Yuan dynasty.History of Mongolia, Volume II, 2003 During the Qing Dynasty, much of the area was under the control of the General of Jilin (Girin i JiyanggiyÅ«n), whose area of control extended to encompass much of what is Russia’s Primorsky Krai today.After the Primorsky Krai area was ceded to Russia in 1860, the government began to open the area up to Han Chinese migrants, most of whom came from Shandong. By the beginning of the 20th century, Han Chinese had become the dominant ethnic group of the region. In 1932, the area was incorporated into Manchukuo, a puppet state set up by Japan. Changchun (then called Xinjing), capital of Jilin today, was made the capital of Manchukuo. After the defeat of Japan in 1945, the Red Army captured Jilin after Operation August Storm.LTC David M. Glantz, “August Storm: The Soviet 1945 Strategic Offensive in Manchuria” {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303171601usacac.army.mil/cac2/cgsc/carl/download/csipubs/LP7_AugustStormTheSoviet1945StrategicOffensiveInManchuria.pdf |date=3 March 2016 }}. Leavenworth Papers No. 7, Combat Studies Institute, February 1983, Fort Leavenworth Kansas. The region, with the rest of northeastern China, was ceded to the Communists by the Soviet Union. Manchuria was the staging ground from which the communists eventually conquered the rest of China in the Chinese Civil War.In 1949, Jilin province was smaller, encompassing only the environs of Changchun and Jilin City, and the capital was at Jilin City, while Changchun was a municipality independent from the province. In the 1950s, Jilin was expanded to its present borders. During the Cultural Revolution, Jilin was expanded again to include a part of Inner Mongolia, giving it a border with the independent state of Mongolia, though this was later reversed.In recent times Jilin has, with the rest of heavy industry-based Northeast China, been facing economic difficulties with privatization. This prompted the central government to undertake a campaign called “Revitalize the Northeast”.

Geography

Jilin lies in the central part of northeastern China, bordering Russia and North Korea in the east and southeast respectively. Jilin has an area of {{convert|190,000|km2|abbr=on}} and a population of 24 million. Its capital is Changchun, which lies {{convert|113|km|abbr=on}} west of Jilin City. Jilin is rich in natural mineral deposits with 136 types of minerals, of which 70 have been extracted. Jilin has an abundance of Traditional Chinese medicine resources, with approximately 27,000 kinds of wild plants and 9,000 kinds of medicinal herbs.WEB, China Expat city Guide Jilin,www.chinaexpat.com/city/jilin-city, China Expat, 2008, 2009-02-08, The province is rich in large reserves of oil, gas, coal, iron, nickel, molybdenum, talc, graphite, gypsum, cement rock, gold and silver; its reserves of oil shale are the largest in the country.WEB, China Briefing Business Reports,shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21, Asia Briefing, 2007, 2009-02-12, dead,shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21," title="web.archive.org/web/20081220033255shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21,">web.archive.org/web/20081220033255shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21, 20 December 2008, Jilin is highest in altitude in the southeast and drops gently towards the northwest. The Changbai Mountains run through its southeastern regions and contains the highest peak of the province, Paektu Mountain at {{cvt|2744|m}}. Other ranges include the Jilinhada Mountains, Zhang Guangcai Mountains, and Longgang Mountains.Jilin is drained by the Yalu and Tumen rivers in the extreme southeast (which together form parts of the border between the People’s Republic of China and North Korea), by tributaries of the Liao River in the southwest, and by the Songhua and Nen rivers in the north, both eventually flowing into the Amur.Jilin has a northerly continental monsoon climate, with long, cold winters and short, warm summers. Average January temperatures range from {{cvt|−20|to|−14|°C}}. Rainfall averages at {{cvt|350.|to|1000.|mm}}.File:吉林雾凇.jpg|thumb|Winter rime trees of Jilin CityJilin CityMajor cities in this province include Changchun, Jilin City, Baishan, Baicheng, Siping, Yanji, Songyuan, Tonghua and Liaoyuan.WEB, China Briefing Business Reports,shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21, Asia Briefing, 2008, 2009-02-08, dead,shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21," title="web.archive.org/web/20081220033255shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21,">web.archive.org/web/20081220033255shopping.china-briefing.com/index_eproduct_view.php?products_id=21, 20 December 2008,

Administrative divisions

Jilin consists of nine prefecture-level divisions: eight prefecture-level cities (including a sub-provincial city) and one autonomous prefecture:{| class=“wikitable” style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; font-size:smaller; text-align:center“! colspan=“9” |Administrative divisions of JilinChangchun}}{{Image label|x=665|y=510|scale=768/1280|text=Jilin}}{{Image label|x=340|y=530|scale=768/1280|text=Siping}}{{Image label|x=460|y=650|scale=768/1280|text=Liaoyuan}}{{Image label|x=510|y=800|scale=768/1280|text=Tonghua}}{{Image label|x=720|y=775|scale=768/1280|text=Baishan}}{{Image label|x=340|y=270|scale=768/1280|text=Songyuan}}{{Image label|x=180|y=190|scale=768/1280|text=Baicheng}}{{Image label|x=940|y=590|scale=768/1280|text=YanbianKorean AP}}{{Image label end}}!! scope=“col” rowspan=“2” | Division codeWEB, zh-hans,files2.mca.gov.cn/cws/201502/20150225163817214.html, zh:中华人民共和国县以上行政区划代码, Ministry of Civil Affairs, !! scope=“col” rowspan=“2” | Division!! scope=“col” rowspan=“2” | Area in km2BOOK, zh-hans, Shenzhen Bureau of Statistics, (:zh:中国统计出版社, China Statistics Print), zh:《深圳统计年鉴2014》,www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2014/indexce.htm, 2015-05-29,www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2014/indexce.htm," title="web.archive.org/web/20150512184740www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2014/indexce.htm,">web.archive.org/web/20150512184740www.sztj.gov.cn/nj2014/indexce.htm, 2015-05-12, dead, !! scope=“col” rowspan=“2” | Population 2010BOOK, Census Office of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China, Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People’s Republic of China, zh:中国2010人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料, 2012, (:zh:中国统计出版社, China Statistics Print), Beijing, 978-7-5037-6660-2, 1, !! scope=“col” rowspan=“2” | Seat!! scope=“col” colspan=“4” | DivisionsBOOK, zh-hans, Ministry of Civil Affairs, Ministry of Civil Affairs, zh:《中国民政统计年鉴2014》, August 2014, (:zh:中国统计出版社, China Statistics Print), 978-7-5037-7130-9, !! scope=“col” width=“45” | Districts!! scope=“col” width=“45” | Counties!! scope=“col” width=“45” | Aut. counties!! scope=“col” width=“45” | CL cities style="font-weight: bold“! 220000 !! Jilin ProvinceChangchun city >| 20 bgcolor=“#98FB98“! 220100 !! Changchun cityNanguan District > 3! 220200 !! Jilin cityChuanying District > 4! 220300 !! Siping cityTiexi District, Siping>Tiexi District 2 1 1 1! 220400 !! Liaoyuan cityLongshan District > bgcolor=“grey“| ! 220500 !! Tonghua cityDongchang District > 2! 220600 !! Baishan cityHunjiang District >| 1! 220700 !! Songyuan cityNingjiang District >| 1! 220800 !! Baicheng cityTaobei District > 2! 222400 !! Yanbian Autonomous PrefectureYanji city > 2 bgcolor=“grey”| 6 {{legendSub-provincial divisions in the People’s Republic of China>border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{|class=“wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed” style="text-font:90%; width:auto; text-align:center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;“! colspan=“5” |Administrative divisions in Chinese and varieties of romanizations! English !! Chinese !! PinyinJilin Province >zh|Jílín ShÄ›ng}}Changchun city >zh|ChángchÅ«n Shì}}Jilin City>Jilin city {{translJílín Shì}}Siping, Jilin>Siping city {{translSìpíng Shì}}Liaoyuan city >zh|Liáoyuán Shì}}Tonghua city >zh|Tōnghuà Shì}}Baishan city >zh|Báishān Shì}}Songyuan city >zh|Sōngyuán Shì}}Baicheng city >zh|Báichéng Shì}}Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture >zh|Yánbiān CháoxiÇŽnzú Zìzhìzhōu}}These nine prefecture-level divisions are in turn subdivided into 60 county-level divisions (21 districts, 20 county-level cities, 16 counties, and three autonomous counties). (See List of administrative divisions of Jilin.) These administrative divisions are explained in greater detail at Administrative divisions of the People’s Republic of China. At the end of the year 2017, the total population is 27.17 million.weblink

Urban areas {| class“wikitable sortable collapsible” style@font-size:90%;”

! colspan=5 | Population by urban areas of prefecture & county cities! # !! Cities !! style="background-color: #aaaaff;“| 2020 Urban areaBOOK, 国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编, 2022, zh:中国2020年人口普查分县资料, Beijing, (:zh:中国统计出版社, China Statistics Print), 978-7-5037-9772-9, !! style="background-color: #aaaaff;“| 2010 Urban areaBOOK, 国务院人口普查办公室、国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司编, 2012, zh:中国2010年人口普查分县资料, Beijing, (:zh:中国统计出版社, China Statistics Print), 978-7-5037-6659-6, !! style="background-color: #ffaaaa;” | 2020 City properChangchun{{efn>name=Gongzhuling}}3,531,6613,411,209{{efnNew district established after 2010 census: Jiutai District. The new district not included in the urban area count of the pre-expanded city.}}>|9,066,906Jilin City>Jilin1,326,6401,469,7223,623,713Yanji>part of Yanbian Prefecture}}Siping, Jilin>Siping{{efn|1,814,733Songyuan>|2,252,994Tonghua>|1,812,114Liaoyuan>|996,903Baishan>|1,551,378Gongzhuling>see Changchun}}{{efnGongzhuling CLC was transferred from Siping PLC to Changchun PLC’s jurisdiction after 2010 census.}}Meihekou>see Tonghua}}Baicheng>|968,373Yushu, Jilin>Yushu253,344280,961{{small|see Changchun}}Dunhua>part of Yanbian Prefecture}}Dehui>see Changchun}}Hunchun>part of Yanbian Prefecture}}Huadian, Jilin>Huadian184,810193,537{{small|see Jilin}}Shulan>see Jilin}}Jiaohe, Jilin>Jiaohe168,313201,712{{small|see Jilin}}Panshi>see Jilin}}Shuangliao>see Siping}}Da’an, Jilin>Da’an136,823202,322{{small|see Baicheng}}Fuyu, Jilin>Fuyu124,874bgcolor=“lightgrey”name=Fuyusee Songyuan}}Taonan>see Baicheng}}Longjing, Jilin>Longjing96,972122,065{{smallpart of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture>Yanbian Prefecture}}Linjiang>see Baishan}}Ji’an, Jilin>Ji’an81,98295,971{{small|see Tonghua}}Helong>part of Yanbian Prefecture}}Tumen, Jilin>Tumen71,023109,342{{smallpart of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture>Yanbian Prefecture}} bgcolor=“lightgrey”Jiutai District>Jiutai{{smallsee Changchun}}>see Changchun}}{{Largest cities|largest = Most populous|country = Jilin|kind = citiesChina Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2018 Urban Population and Urban Temporary PopulationMINISTRY OF HOUSING AND URBAN-RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA(MOHURD) DATE=2019 TRANS-TITLE=CHINA URBAN CONSTRUCTION STATISTICAL YEARBOOK 2018 LOCATION=BEIJING ACCESS-DATE=30 NOVEMBER 2021 ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20200718211023/HTTP://WWW.MOHURD.GOV.CN/XYTJ/TJZLJSXYTJGB/JSTJNJ/W02020032722244243052500000.XLS, dead, |list_by_pop =|city_1 = Changchun|pop_1 = 4,564,000|img_1 = Changchun skyline with Ji Tower - panoramio.jpg|city_2 = Jilin City{{!}}Jilin|pop_2 = 1,269,100|img_2 = 吉林大桥和世纪广场.jpg|city_3 = Siping, Jilin{{!}}Siping|pop_3 = 591,600|img_3 = Hongtai Square, Siping 2017.jpg|city_4 = Yanji|pop_4 = 553,800|img_4 = Downtown Yanji.jpg|city_5 = Liaoyuan|pop_5 = 493,100|city_6 = Songyuan|pop_6 = 484,900|city_7 = Tonghua|pop_7 = 461,100|city_8 = Baishan|pop_8 = 405,000|city_9 = Meihekou|pop_9 = 325,500|city_10 = Yushu, Jilin{{!}}Yushu|pop_10 = 296,500|city_11 = Baicheng|pop_11 = 257,200|city_12 = Dehui|pop_12 = 256,000|city_13 = Hunchun|pop_13 = 215,000|city_14 = Dunhua|pop_14 = 201,900|city_15 = Shulan|pop_15 = 186,100|city_16 = Gongzhuling|pop_16 = 182,000|city_17 = Huadian, Jilin{{!}}Huadian|pop_17 = 161,300|city_18 = Da’an, Jilin{{!}}Da’an|pop_18 = 158,500|city_19 = Jiaohe, Jilin{{!}}Jiaohe|pop_19 = 140,200|city_20 = Taonan|pop_20 = 139,500}}

Politics

File:Mao Statue at Former Site Museum Of Changchun Film Studio 长影旧址博物馆.jpg|thumb|Statue of Mao ZedongMao ZedongThe politics of Jilin is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.The Governor of Jilin is the highest-ranking official in the People’s Government of Jilin. However, in the province’s dual party-government governing system, the Governor has less power than the Jilin Chinese Communist Party Provincial Committee Secretary, colloquially termed the “Jilin CCP Party Chief”.

Economy

In 2011, the nominal GDP of Jilin province totaled RMB 1053.1 billion (US$167.1 billion). Its GDP has been rising at a double-digit rate since 2003, growing 51 percent from 2003 to 2007. Per capita nominal GDP increased to RMB 26,289 (US$3,848) in 2009. Meanwhile, the incremental value and profit of large enterprises witnessed an increase of 19 percent and 30 percent respectively, compared with 2005 figures.WEB, China Briefing Business Reports,www.china-briefing.com/download.php?download_file=ChinaBriefing_200501.pdf, Asia Briefing, 2008, 2009-02-08, {{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}Jilin’s agricultural production is centered upon rice, wheat, maize, and sorghum. Rice is mostly cultivated in the eastern parts, such as Yanbian Prefecture. The Changbai Mountains are an important source of lumber. Sheep herding is an important activity in the western parts, such as Baicheng.Among its natural resources, Jilin has the largest reserves of shale oil and one of the top five largest mineral reserves in China.WEB,www.thechinaperspective.com/topics/province/jilin-province/, Jilin Province @ the China Perspective, www.thechinaperspective.com, 17 January 2022,www.thechinaperspective.com/topics/province/jilin-province/," title="web.archive.org/web/20110602033325www.thechinaperspective.com/topics/province/jilin-province/,">web.archive.org/web/20110602033325www.thechinaperspective.com/topics/province/jilin-province/, 2 June 2011, dead, Compared to other provinces of China, Jilin has extensive deposits of Kieselguhr, wollastonite, floatstone, and molybdenum.Industry in Jilin is concentrated on automobiles, train carriages, and iron alloy.Jilin is one of the most important commodity grain bases in China. It is ranked 6th in timber production.Traditionally, Jilin has been known as a major pharmaceutical center, with yields of ginseng and deer antlers among the largest in China, being used extensively in the field of Chinese medicine.

Economic and technological development zones

Jilin New and Hi-tech Industry Development Zone

The zone was founded in 1992 and is in Jilin city, covering {{convert|818|km2|abbr=on}} of planned area with {{convert|242|km2|abbr=on}} established. The leading industries in the zone are new materials, refined chemical products, integration of photoelectron and mechanism, electronics, medicine and bioengineering. A mere {{convert|14|km|abbr=on}} from Songhua Lake, the nearest bus and train stations are within {{convert|3|km|abbr=on}}.RightSite.asia | Jilin Hi-Tech Development ZoneThe Jilin Economic and Technological Development Zone was founded in May 1998 and is in the northeast of Jilin city. The zone has a total planned area of {{convert|28|km2|abbr=on}}. It is {{convert|90|km|abbr=on}} from Changchun, {{convert|5|km|abbr=on}} from Jilin Airport, and {{convert|8|km|abbr=on}}from Jilin Railway Station.Major industries include refined chemicals, bioengineering, fine processing of chemical fiber, and farm products. It is divided into four parts: the Chemical Industrial Park, the Food Industrial Park, the Textile Industrial Park, and the Medical Industrial Park. The latter specializes in the development of traditional Chinese pharmaceuticals, mini molecule medicine, bio-pharmaceuticals and health products.

State-level ETDZs Changchun Economic and Technological Development Zone

In 1993, with the approval of the state, Changchun Economic & Technological Development Zone (CETDZ) became a state-level economic and technological development zone. The total area of CETDZ is {{convert|112.72|km2|abbr=on}}, of which {{convert|30|km2|abbr=on}} has been set aside for development and use. By the end of 2006, the total fixed assets investment of the Changchun Economic and Technological Development Zone reached 38.4 billion yuan. There were 1656 registered enterprises in this zone including 179 foreign-funded enterprises. The regional gross product of the zone reached 101.8 billion yuan; industrial output value reached 233.0 billion Yuan; overall financial revenue reached 15.7 billion yuan.RightSite.asia | Changchun Economic and Technology Development ZoneChangchun is also the location of one of the largest factories where CRRC manufactures bullet trains. In November 2016, CRCC Changchun unveiled the first bullet train carriages in the world that would have sleeper berths, and would be capable of running in ultra low temperature environments. Nicknamed Panda, they are capable of running at 250 kmph, operate at -40 degrees Celsius, have Wi-Fi hubs and contain sleeper berths that fold into seats during the day.NEWS, China develops bullet train with fold-up beds,www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/2016-11/14/content_27370974.htm, 15 November 2016, Xinhua, China Daily, 14 November 2016,

State-level HIDZs Changchun High-Tech Industrial Development Area

Changchun High-Tech Industrial Development Area is connected by four roads and one light-rail line to the downtown area. The nearest train station, Changchun Station, is twenty minutes away by light rail. In 2002, Changchun HDA became the first area in Northeast China to qualify for the environmental certification of ISO14001. Its landscaping ratio reaches 38%.RightSite.asia | Changchun High-Tech Industrial Development Area

Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone

Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone was approved to be national-level border economic cooperation zone in 1992, with a planning area of {{convert|24|km2|abbr=on}}. In 2002 and 2001, the Hunchun Export Processing Zone and Hunchun Sino-Russia Trade Zone were set up in it. It has a strategic location at the junction of the borders of China, Russia and Korea. It focuses on the development of sea food processing, electronic product manufacture, bio-pharmaceuticals, textile industry and other industries.RightSite.asia | Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100205104824rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/huichun-border-economic-cooperation-zone |date=2010-02-05 }}

Hunchun Export Processing Zone

The Hunchun Export Processing Zone is in {{convert|5|km2|2|abbr=on}} area is in the Hunchun Border Economic Cooperation Zone. Its planned area is {{convert|2.44|km2|abbr=on}}. It relies on the same infrastructure and policies as its parent zone.RightSite.asia | Hunchun Export Processing Zone {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100205104829rightsite.asia/en/industrial-zone/huichun-export-processing-zone |date=2010-02-05 }}

Infrastructure

There are {{convert|35216|km|abbr=on}} of highways, including over {{convert|500|km|abbr=on}} of expressways.The province has a rail network, begun by the Japanese, with Changchun as its main hub. There are four major new railway projects which started construction in 2007. One of these, the Harbin–Dalian High-Speed Railway connecting Harbin with Dalian via Changchun was completed in 2012. Trains on the line can travel at up to {{convert|350|km/h|abbr=on}}. The four railway projects were estimated to cost RMB13 billion, and the province urged foreign investors to invest in them. A line from Changchun to Jilin City, expected to be completed in 2015, was expected to cut the journey times between the cities from 96 minutes to 30. The railway network in Jilin can be divided into two directions in the northwest–southeast and southwest–northeast. The main trunk line Beijing-Harbin railway runs through the north and south of Jilin. From Jilin Province, it can go directly to Harbin, Shenyang, Dalian, Beijing, Tianjin, Xi’an, Shijiazhuang, Wuhan, Jinan, and so on. By the end of 2015, the railway business mileage of Jilin province reached {{convert|4877.4|km|abbr=on}}.The main commercial airport is Changchun Longjia International Airport; other commercial airports include Yanji Chaoyangchuan International Airport, Tonghua Sanyuanpu Airport, Baicheng Chang’an Airport, Songyuan Chaganhu Airport and Changbaishan Airport.Jilin is landlocked. River navigation is possible from April to November. The major river ports are at Da’an, Jilin city and Fuyu. In 2007, Jilin started construction on a two-phase RMB60 million comprehensive river port; the first phase is finished. The port is on the Songhua River, has an annual throughput of two million tons, and will connect to the waterways of Northeast China. Aviation takes Changchun as the center, supplemented by Yanji and Baishan. It can go directly to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Haikou, Ningbo, Dalian, Kunming, Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan and so on. Changchun Longjia Airport, Yanji Airport, Tonghua Sanyuanpu Airport and Changbaishan Airport, etc.

Demographics

{{Historical populations|title = Historical populationACCESS-DATE=6 MARCH 2014, |5,580,000ACCESS-DATE=6 MARCH 2014, |7,635,000ACCESS-DATE=6 MARCH 2014, |7,354,000ACCESS-DATE=6 MARCH 2014, |6,465,000PUBLISHER=NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20090805174810/HTTP://WWW.STATS.GOV.CN/TJGB/RKPCGB/QGRKPCGB/T20020404_16767.HTM 11,290,073PUBLISHER=NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20120914173158/HTTP://WWW.STATS.GOV.CN/TJGB/RKPCGB/QGRKPCGB/T20020404_16768.HTM 15,668,663PUBLISHER=NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20120510075429/HTTP://WWW.STATS.GOV.CN/TJGB/RKPCGB/QGRKPCGB/T20020404_16769.HTM 22,560,053PUBLISHER=NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20120619002216/HTTP://WWW.STATS.GOV.CN/TJGB/RKPCGB/QGRKPCGB/T20020404_16772.HTM 24,658,721PUBLISHER=NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20120829052024/HTTP://WWW.STATS.GOV.CN/TJGB/RKPCGB/QGRKPCGB/T20020331_15435.HTM 26,802,191PUBLISHER=NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS OF CHINA ARCHIVE-URL=HTTPS://WEB.ARCHIVE.ORG/WEB/20130727021210/HTTP://WWW.STATS.GOV.CN/ENGLISH/NEWSANDCOMINGEVENTS/T20110429_402722516.HTM 27,462,29724,073,453}}Jilin is inhabited by Han Chinese, Manchus, Hui, Mongols and Xibe. Most ethnic Koreans live in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture. The Manchu people were once the majority in the area of Jilin, making it part of their historical region. With the adoption of Han culture and the Chinese languages by the Manchu people, the Manchu language is considered a critically endangered language.WEB,news.takungpao.com/paper/q/2015/0426/2982819.html,news.takungpao.com/paper/q/2015/0426/2982819.html," title="web.archive.org/web/20171108152605news.takungpao.com/paper/q/2015/0426/2982819.html,">web.archive.org/web/20171108152605news.takungpao.com/paper/q/2015/0426/2982819.html, dead, 2017-11-08, zh:抢救满语振兴满族文化_大公资讯_大公网, Ta Kung Pao, zh-cn, 2017-11-08, 2019-06-12, Koreans comprise about 4% of the population, owing to its proximity to the Korean Peninsula. The majority of the province speaks Mandarin.{| class=“wikitable” style="text-align:right;“!colspan=“3“| Ethnic groups in Jilin (2000 census)! Ethnic Groups !! Population !! Percentage Han Chinese 24,348,815 90.85% Koreans 1,145,688 4.27% Manchu 993,112 3.71% Mongol 172,026 0.64% Hui people >| 0.47%Excludes members of the People’s Liberation Army in active service.BOOK, National Bureau of Population and Social Science and Technology Statistics Division of China (), Department of Economic Development of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission of China (), zh:《2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料》, Beijing, Publishing House of Minority Nationalities, 2003, 978-7105054251, zh-cn, , 2 volumes

Culture

Jilin is part of Northeast China and shares many similarities in culture to neighbouring regions, such as Errenzhuan and Yangge. Among its music, Jiju, or Jilin Opera, is a form of traditional entertainment that Jilin has innovated over its short migrant history.{{see also|Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture|Culture of Korea}}The ethnic Koreans of Jilin have a distinct culture, closely tied to Korea.

Languages

(File:Languages spoken in Jilin.png|thumb|350px|right|Languages spoken in Jilin: yellow: Mandarin; blue: Korean; red: Mongolian)The majority of the province speaks Mandarin, the official language of China. Closer to the east, many people speak Korean. Some people of Qian Gorlos autonomous county speak Mongolian.

Cuisine

Tourism

The Goguryeo sites and tombs found in Ji’an, Jilin, including Hwando Mountain City, Gungnae City, and the pyramidal Tomb of the General, have been listed as part of the Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom, a World Heritage Site.Paektu Mountain, especially Heaven Lake on the border with North Korea, are popular tourist destinations due to their natural scenery.Ancient Tombs at Longtou Mountain, including the Mausoleum of Princess Jeonghyo, are royal tombs of Balhae found in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture.

Education

Universities and colleges

{{See also|List of universities and colleges in Jilin}}

• Jilin University ()
• Jilin Medical College ()
• Northeast Normal University ()
• Jilin Agricultural University ()
• Jilin Normal University ()
• Changchun University of Science and Technology ()
• Changchun University of Technology ()
• Changchun Normal University ()
• Changchun University ()
• Changchun Taxation College ()
• Yanbian University of Science and Technology ()
• Yanbian University ()
• Northeast China Institute of Electric Power Engineering ()
• Jilin College of Electrification
• Changchun Institute of Post & Telecommunications ()
• Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics
• Beihua University
• Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University
• Changchun Institute of Technology ()Changchun Institute of Technology Homepage

Sports

File:长春体育中心2017-2.jpg|thumb|Changchun StadiumChangchun Stadium

Professional teams

• Chinese Basketball Association
  • Jilin Northeast Tigers
• Chinese Super League
  • Changchun Yatai
• China League One
  • Yanbian Longding

Notable individuals

• O Kuk-ryol, Chinese-born North Korean general and politician
• Choe Hyon, Chinese-born North Korean general and politician
• Ri Tu-ik, Chinese-born North Korean vice-marshal and politician
• Li Hongbo, sculptor
• Guo Junchen, actor
• Wei Daxun, actor
• Huang Renjun, main vocalist and lead dancer of K-pop boyband NCT and NCT Dream

See also

• List of Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Jilin

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

{{Reflist}}

External links

{{Wikivoyage}}{{Commons}}

• Jilin Government website {{in lang|en}}
• www.jlsgs.gov.cn/" title="web.archive.org/web/20090129182511www.jlsgs.gov.cn/">Jilin Administration of Industry and Commerce {{in lang|zh-cn}}
• www.jldofcom.gov.cn/" title="web.archive.org/web/20121214130348www.jldofcom.gov.cn/">Development zones and ports {{in lang|zh-cn}}
• Economic profile for Jilin at HKTDC

{{Geographic location|Centre = Jilin|North = HeilongjiangPrimorsky Krai}}, {{flag|Russia}}|East = Rasŏn, North Hamgyong, Ryanggang and Chagang, {{flag>North Korea}}|South = Liaoning|Southwest = |West = Inner Mongolia|Northwest = }}{{Jilin topics}}{{Jilin}}{{Province-level divisions of the People’s Republic of China}}{{Provincial capitals of China}}{{Authority control}}