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{{Short description|Zen Buddhist temple in Kyoto, Japan}}

factoids

{{Zen Buddhism}}{{nihongo|Daitoku-ji|大徳寺||the ‘temple of Great Virtue’}}WEB, Brief outline to Buddhism: The Land of the Disappearing Buddha (1979),www.trinity.edu/rnadeau/Asian%20Religions/Lecture%20Notes/Shinto%20and%20Zen/Buddha%20Disappearing.htm, Course materials to “Asian Religions”, Trinity University, dead,www.trinity.edu/rnadeau/asian%20religions/Lecture%20Notes/Shinto%20and%20Zen/Buddha%20Disappearing.htm," title="web.archive.org/web/20150311162950www.trinity.edu/rnadeau/asian%20religions/Lecture%20Notes/Shinto%20and%20Zen/Buddha%20Disappearing.htm,">web.archive.org/web/20150311162950www.trinity.edu/rnadeau/asian%20religions/Lecture%20Notes/Shinto%20and%20Zen/Buddha%20Disappearing.htm, 2015-03-11, is a Buddhist temple, one of fourteen autonomous branches of the Rinzai school of Japanese Zen. It is located in Kita-ku, Kyoto, Japan. The “mountain name” (sangō) by which it is known is {{nihongo|RyÅ«hōzan|龍宝山|}}. The Daitoku-ji temple complex today covers more than {{convert|23|ha|acre|abbr=off}}.

History

Daitoku-ji originated as a small monastery founded in 1315 or 1319 by the monk {{nihongo|Shuho Myocho|宗峰妙超||also pronounced Sōhō Myōchō; 1282–1337}}, who is known by the title Daitō Kokushi (“National Teacher of the Great Lamp“) given by Emperor Go-Daigo.Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan, entry “Sōhō Myōchō.” In 1325, the monastery was converted into a supplication hall for the imperial court at the request of the retired Emperor Hanazono. The dedication ceremony for the imperial supplication hall, with its newly added dharma hall and abbot’s living quarters, was held in 1326, and this is generally recognized as the true founding of the temple.Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan, entry “Daitokuji.“Like many other temples in Kyoto during that time, the temple’s buildings were destroyed by fire. In 1474, which was when Kyoto was the scene of the ÅŒnin War, Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado designated IkkyÅ« Sōjun as the head priest. With the help of merchants of the city of Sakai, IkkyÅ« contributed significantly to the temple’s rehabilitation.From its earliest days, the temple experienced alternating periods of fortune and decline. This can be attributed to the rivalries and conflicts between Daitoku-ji and other well-known Zen temples, as well as between Daitoku-ji and the political authorities.Usui Shiro. Tr., Stephen D. Miller. A Pilgrim’s Guide to Forty-six Temples, pp. 84-85. Weatherhill, Inc., 1990. {{ISBN|0-8348-0211-2}}.Daitoku-ji became particularly important from the sixteenth century, when it was predominantly supported by members of the military establishment, who sponsored the building of subsidiary temples as prayers for their ancestors or in preparation for their own demise.Herbert E. Plutschow. Historical Kyoto, p. 141. The Japan Times, Ltd., 1983. {{ISBN|4-7890-0206-3}}In 1582, Toyotomi Hideyoshi buried his predecessor, Oda Nobunaga, at Daitoku-ji. He also contributed land and built the Sōken-in.Around this period in history, Daitoku-ji became closely linked to the master of the Japanese tea ceremony, Sen no RikyÅ«, and consequently to the realm of the Japanese tea ceremony. After the era of Sen no RikyÅ«, another famous figure in the history of the Japanese tea ceremony who left his mark at this temple was Kobori EnshÅ«.

Buildings

There are several buildings in the complex:

• Sanmon (Mountain Gate)
• Butsuden (Buddha Hall)
• Hattō (Dharma Hall)
• Hōjō (Abbot’s Quarters)
• Yokushitsu (Bath House)
• Kyōzō (Sutra Library)

Treasures

Daitoku-ji is home to some works by the 13th-century Chinese artist-monk Mu Qi:

• the acclaimed painting Six Persimmons (housed in RyÅ«kō-in, the painting is hardly ever put on display)
• the {{nihongo|hanging scrolls of Guanyin, Monkeys and Crane|絹本墨画淡彩猿鶴図}}WEB,kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/heritage/detail/201/11, Database of Registered National Cultural Properties, Agency for Cultural Affairs, 7 April 2011, WEB,kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/heritage/detail/201/12, Database of Registered National Cultural Properties, Agency for Cultural Affairs, 7 April 2011,

Sub-temples

Daitoku-ji operates some twenty-two sub-temples, the most significant being Daisen-in, {{nihongo|Jukō-in|聚光院}}, and {{nihongo|Shinjū-an|眞珠庵}}.BOOK, Dumoulin, Heinrich, Heinrich Dumoulin, Zen Buddhism: A History, World Wisdom, Inc., 2005, 190, 0-941532-90-9, WEB,zen.rinnou.net/head_temples/07daitoku.html, Head Temples - Daitoku-ji, Official Site of the Joint Council for Japanese Rinzai and Obaku Zen, 2008-01-20,

• {{nihongo|Daiji-in|大慈院}}
• {{nihongo|Daikō-in|大光院}}
• {{nihongo|Daisen-in|大仙院}}BOOK, Daitokuji: The Visual Cultures of a Zen Monastery,archive.org/details/daitokujivisualc0000levi, registration, Levine, Gregory P.A., University of Washington Press, 2005, 0-295-98540-2,
• {{nihongo|Daiyō-an|大用庵}}
• {{nihongo|Gyokurin-in|玉林院}}
• {{nihongo|Hōshun-in|芳春院}}
• {{nihongo|Jukō-in|聚光院}}
• {{nihongo|KinryÅ«-in|金龍院}}
• {{nihongo|Kōrin-in|興臨院}}
• {{nihongo|Kōtō-in|高桐院}}
• {{nihongo|Nyoi-an|如意庵}}
• {{nihongo|ÅŒbai-in|黄梅院}}
• {{nihongo|Ryōgen-in|龍源院}}
• {{nihongo|Ryōkō-in|龍光院}}
• {{nihongo|Sangen-in|三玄院}}
• {{nihongo|Shinju-an|真珠庵}}
• {{nihongo|Shōgen-in|松源院}}
• {{nihongo|Shōju-in|正受院}}
• {{nihongo|Shōrin-in|昌林院}}
• {{nihongo|Sōken-in|総見院}}
• {{nihongo|Tenzui-ji|天瑞寺}}
• {{nihongo|Tokuzen-ji|徳禅寺}}
• {{nihongo|Yōtoku-in|養徳院}}
• {{nihongo|Zuihō-in|瑞峯院}}

Shichidō garan

The garan (compound):Image:Daitokuji Kyoto07n4272.jpg|HattōImage:Daitokuji Kyoto03ns4272.jpg|SanmonImage:Daitokuji Kyoto02n4272.jpg|Imperial emissary gate (Chokushi-mon)Image:Japan_Kyoto_Daitoku-ji_3.jpg|HondōImage:Main_alley,_Daitoku-ji.jpg|Main alley way

Tatchū

The {{nihongo||塔中|tatchū|inner cloisters}}:Image:Daitokuji-Zuihoin-M1836.jpg|Garden of the Cross at Zuihō-inImage:Daitokuji-Zuihoin-Zuihotei-M1827.jpg|Dokuza-tei (The Garden of Solitary Sitting), a garden at Zuiho-inImage:Go board Hideyoshi Ieyasu Ryogenin M1868.jpg|Go board used by Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu at Ryogen-in, Daitoku-jiImage:Daisen-in.JPG|Daisen-inImage:Japan_Kyoto_Daitoku-ji_2.jpg|Image:Kōrin-in, Daitokuji 02.jpg|Kōrin-inImage:Japan_Kyoto_Daitoku-ji_Koto-in_2.jpg|Kotō-in

See also

• Goto Zuigan
• Kobori Nanrei Sohaku
• For an explanation of terms concerning Japanese Buddhism, Japanese Buddhist art, and Japanese Buddhist temple architecture, see the Glossary of Japanese Buddhism.
• List of National Treasures of Japan (residences)
• List of National Treasures of Japan (temples)
• List of National Treasures of Japan (ancient documents)
• List of National Treasures of Japan (paintings)
• List of National Treasures of Japan (writings)

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

BOOK, Daitokuji: The Visual Cultures of a Zen Monastery,archive.org/details/daitokujivisualc0000levi, registration, Levine, Gregory P.A., University of Washington Press, 2005, 0-295-98540-2,

External links

• {{in lang|ja}} www17.ocn.ne.jp/~verdure/zengo/daitokuji2.htmlkohouan" title="web.archive.org/web/20110725114535www17.ocn.ne.jp/~verdure/zengo/daitokuji2.htmlkohouan">Daitoku-ji - halls, sub-temples
• Photos of Daitoku-ji and its sub-temples

{{Coord|35|02|38|N|135|44|46|E|region:JP_type:landmark_scale:1000|display=title}}{{Buddhism topics}}{{Buddhist temples in Japan}}{{Authority control}}