Aesthetics (or Philosophy of Art) is a branch of Philosophy focused on the definition of Art in general and how we relate to what is Beautiful to us individually. The word Aesthetics was first used by the German philosopher Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten, and later Immanuel Kant, whose work on the Aesthetic and...

Logic (λόγος in Greek, logos, “thought”) is the most fundamental of all the Sciences and a major branch of Philosophy. Logic is the primary proof and method of what supports Physics, Mathematics, and Language, leading to Arithmetic, Geometry, Set Theory, and Computation, as well as Grammar, Philology, Linguistics, and Philosophy...

Epistemology is a branch of Philosophy dealing with the nature, origin and scope of Knowledge and Beliefs, how we come to have them, and methods of obtaining them. Epistemology asks about the ultimate justification and rationality of what we know, as well other “epistemic” features of Belief. “How do we know anything?” “What do we know when we know...

Teleology (from the Greek, telos, or end, purpose) is an ancient branch of Metaphysics, which is a branch of Philosophy. The study of Design and Purpose in everything, Teleology is about “Why?”, the directive principles and finality of any Substance, Organism, or Event. This much is inherent in Science today as a basic explanation...

Ontology is the most fundamental branch of Metaphysics, which is the most fundamental branch of Philosophy. The study of Being and Existence, as well as the basic Categories of Things in general, Ontology is really the study of Reality, and supports all of Science today. A Being...

Metaphysics is a difficult branch of Philosophy, but it is rather easy to define: It is the study of the most fundamental concepts and beliefs about those beliefs. “Metaphysical” concepts include Being, Existence, Purpose, Universals, Property, Relation, Causality, Space, Time, Event, and many others. These concepts are fundamental,...

What is Philosophy? This question is as “philosophical” and profound as any of the big questions philosophers ask. The diverse, cultural activity of Philosophy is the historical study of the meaning and justification of beliefs about the most general and universal aspects of all things. It is a study carried out, not only by...

general philosophical history

This category is currently empty

area studies and articles